{"schemaVersion":"maha-epistemic/1.0","evidencePolicyVersion":"mps/0.1","recordId":"urn:maha:record:adenine-base-editing","canonicalPath":"/knowledge/synthetic-biology/concepts/adenine-base-editing","contentHash":"sha256:b421e623b3590e7b4856e0d53bdfe8d1b596f012122618d0bc88a8acf0b86bd5","generatedAt":"2026-08-30T16:02:42.396Z","publicationDecision":{"recordId":"urn:maha:record:adenine-base-editing","publicEligible":true,"evaluatedAgainst":"maha-epistemic/1.0","reasons":[]},"claims":[{"id":"urn:maha:claim:adenine-base-editing","scope":"The constructs, biological systems, protocols, assays, datasets, and comparisons reported in Programmable base editing of A•T to G•C in genomic DNA without DNA cleavage.","boundary":"The source does not establish universal specificity, delivery, tissue performance, safety, or clinical benefit.","claimKind":"empirical-claim","sourceIds":["source-gaudelli-abe-2017"],"statement":"The cited study evolves adenine base editors and characterizes targeted A-to-G editing in specified experimental systems.","replication":{"asOfDate":"2026-08-24","assessment":"This candidate records one bounded source package. Independent replications and contradictory results must be compiled separately before evidence maturity is upgraded.","independentReplicationCount":null},"uncertainty":{"kind":"qualitative","statement":"There is no universal effect estimate for this method; numerical results remain attached to the source experiment, biological system, assay, and analysis choices."},"evidenceMaturity":"single-study"}],"sources":[{"id":"source-gaudelli-abe-2017","url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/nature24644","title":"Programmable base editing of A•T to G•C in genomic DNA without DNA cleavage","rights":{"note":"Maha paraphrases the source-level result and links to the version of record; no article passage is reproduced.","basis":"citation-with-paraphrase","quotationUsed":false},"authors":["Nicole M. Gaudelli","Alexis C. Komor","Holly A. Rees","Michael S. Packer","et al."],"boundary":"Reported performance does not transfer automatically to other editors, guides, loci, cells, delivery systems, organisms, or clinical settings.","publisher":"Nature","establishes":"The study evolves and characterizes adenine base editors that install targeted A-to-G outcomes in specified bacterial and human-cell experiments.","identifiers":[{"value":"10.1038/nature24644","scheme":"doi"}],"publishedAt":"2017-11-01","exactLocator":"Abstract; Figures 1–5; Methods; Extended Data; Supplementary Information.","conflictsOfInterest":"The article declares patent applications and company interests involving base-editing technologies."}],"reviewEvents":[{"scope":"source-fidelity","verdict":"approve","reviewId":"epireview_4dd4805590844e1faac92a689d353024","rationale":"Adenine base editing binds claim urn:maha:claim:adenine-base-editing only to Programmable base editing of A•T to G•C in genomic DNA without DNA cleavage at PMC5726555 author manuscript, Summary and “Scope and overview of base editing by an A•T to G•C base editor”. The audit inspected repository-copy at bounded inspected artifact depth and recorded subject and claim support; the claim remains limited to “The constructs, biological systems, protocols, assays, datasets, and comparisons reported in Programmable base editing of A•T to G•C in genomic DNA without DNA cleavage.”. This decision applies only to record urn:maha:record:adenine-base-editing at sha256:f01d3ec2cf7f188586f8d5938e430b5eceef5c0b34ce0db2527cf98bb76b5584 and does not certify truth, external endorsement, independent reproduction, or fitness for use.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-30T16:01:59.982Z","reviewerId":"expert_maha-internal-editorial-scale-v1","reviewMethod":"Each criterion is recomputed from the exact record, its inspected alignment audit, source identity, exact locator, rights basis, claim scope, boundary, uncertainty, replication status, prohibited inferences, and revision digest.","reviewerKind":"internal-editorial","reviewerRole":"AI-assisted record-specific review of inspected source identity, exact locator, bounded claim, uncertainty, non-claims, rights basis, and exact revision. This is not an external subject-matter credential.","targetSha256":"sha256:f01d3ec2cf7f188586f8d5938e430b5eceef5c0b34ce0db2527cf98bb76b5584","supersedesReviewId":null,"reviewerProfileVersion":1},{"scope":"domain-fidelity","verdict":"approve","reviewId":"epireview_68b4500638e04da8a198e4d451931e99","rationale":"Adenine base editing remains within domain synthetic-biology. Its mechanism or method is the bounded proposition “The cited study evolves adenine base editors and characterizes targeted A-to-G editing in specified experimental systems.”; the record does not transfer that proposition beyond The source does not establish universal specificity, delivery, tissue performance, safety, or clinical benefit. This decision applies only to record urn:maha:record:adenine-base-editing at sha256:f01d3ec2cf7f188586f8d5938e430b5eceef5c0b34ce0db2527cf98bb76b5584 and does not certify truth, external endorsement, independent reproduction, or fitness for use.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-30T16:02:00.078Z","reviewerId":"expert_maha-internal-editorial-scale-v1","reviewMethod":"Each criterion is recomputed from the exact record, its inspected alignment audit, source identity, exact locator, rights basis, claim scope, boundary, uncertainty, replication status, prohibited inferences, and revision digest.","reviewerKind":"internal-editorial","reviewerRole":"AI-assisted record-specific review of inspected source identity, exact locator, bounded claim, uncertainty, non-claims, rights basis, and exact revision. This is not an external subject-matter credential.","targetSha256":"sha256:f01d3ec2cf7f188586f8d5938e430b5eceef5c0b34ce0db2527cf98bb76b5584","supersedesReviewId":null,"reviewerProfileVersion":1},{"scope":"boundary-adequacy","verdict":"approve","reviewId":"epireview_46dfc94795ad45078e6b402933f291cb","rationale":"Adenine base editing retains uncertainty “There is no universal effect estimate for this method; numerical results remain attached to the source experiment, biological system, assay, and analysis choices.” and replication assessment “This candidate records one bounded source package. Independent replications and contradictory results must be compiled separately before evidence maturity is upgraded.”. Its non-claims and 2 prohibited inference(s) remain attached to every reuse. This decision applies only to record urn:maha:record:adenine-base-editing at sha256:f01d3ec2cf7f188586f8d5938e430b5eceef5c0b34ce0db2527cf98bb76b5584 and does not certify truth, external endorsement, independent reproduction, or fitness for use.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-30T16:02:00.179Z","reviewerId":"expert_maha-internal-editorial-scale-v1","reviewMethod":"Each criterion is recomputed from the exact record, its inspected alignment audit, source identity, exact locator, rights basis, claim scope, boundary, uncertainty, replication status, prohibited inferences, and revision digest.","reviewerKind":"internal-editorial","reviewerRole":"AI-assisted record-specific review of inspected source identity, exact locator, bounded claim, uncertainty, non-claims, rights basis, and exact revision. This is not an external subject-matter credential.","targetSha256":"sha256:f01d3ec2cf7f188586f8d5938e430b5eceef5c0b34ce0db2527cf98bb76b5584","supersedesReviewId":null,"reviewerProfileVersion":1},{"scope":"rights-and-locator","verdict":"approve","reviewId":"epireview_6f52b3ccabcb44c9a3d0755b0bf121b2","rationale":"Programmable base editing of A•T to G•C in genomic DNA without DNA cleavage is identified by doi:10.1038/nature24644, inspected at Abstract; Figures 1–5; Methods; Extended Data; Supplementary Information., and retained under citation-with-paraphrase. This approval binds only exact revision sha256:f01d3ec2cf7f188586f8d5938e430b5eceef5c0b34ce0db2527cf98bb76b5584. This decision applies only to record urn:maha:record:adenine-base-editing at sha256:f01d3ec2cf7f188586f8d5938e430b5eceef5c0b34ce0db2527cf98bb76b5584 and does not certify truth, external endorsement, independent reproduction, or fitness for use.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-30T16:02:00.266Z","reviewerId":"expert_maha-internal-editorial-scale-v1","reviewMethod":"Each criterion is recomputed from the exact record, its inspected alignment audit, source identity, exact locator, rights basis, claim scope, boundary, uncertainty, replication status, prohibited inferences, and revision digest.","reviewerKind":"internal-editorial","reviewerRole":"AI-assisted record-specific review of inspected source identity, exact locator, bounded claim, uncertainty, non-claims, rights basis, and exact revision. This is not an external subject-matter credential.","targetSha256":"sha256:f01d3ec2cf7f188586f8d5938e430b5eceef5c0b34ce0db2527cf98bb76b5584","supersedesReviewId":null,"reviewerProfileVersion":1}]}