{"schemaVersion":"maha-epistemic/1.0","evidencePolicyVersion":"mps/0.1","recordId":"urn:maha:record:editing-efficiency-and-byproduct-measurement","canonicalPath":"/knowledge/synthetic-biology/measurements/editing-efficiency-and-byproduct-measurement","contentHash":"sha256:3cf0a8404838c04608f30227b2ceb5bdde2896c466aabe43e84294b2cfd96a8f","generatedAt":"2026-08-30T16:02:52.355Z","publicationDecision":{"recordId":"urn:maha:record:editing-efficiency-and-byproduct-measurement","publicEligible":true,"evaluatedAgainst":"maha-epistemic/1.0","reasons":[]},"claims":[{"id":"urn:maha:claim:editing-efficiency-and-byproduct-measurement","scope":"The constructs, biological systems, protocols, assays, datasets, and comparisons reported in Search-and-replace genome editing without double-strand breaks or donor DNA.","boundary":"A headline efficiency without denominator, assay, detection threshold, byproduct taxonomy, biological replicate, and cell context is not portable.","claimKind":"empirical-claim","sourceIds":["source-anzalone-prime-2019-graph"],"statement":"The cited prime-editing study reports target- and condition-specific intended edits and byproducts using specified sequencing assays.","replication":{"asOfDate":"2026-08-24","assessment":"This candidate records one bounded source package. Independent replications and contradictory results must be compiled separately before evidence maturity is upgraded.","independentReplicationCount":null},"uncertainty":{"kind":"qualitative","statement":"There is no universal effect estimate for this method; numerical results remain attached to the source experiment, biological system, assay, and analysis choices."},"evidenceMaturity":"single-study"}],"sources":[{"id":"source-anzalone-prime-2019-graph","url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1711-4","title":"Search-and-replace genome editing without double-strand breaks or donor DNA","rights":{"note":"Maha paraphrases the source-level result and links to the version of record; no article passage is reproduced.","basis":"citation-with-paraphrase","quotationUsed":false},"authors":["Andrew V. Anzalone","Peyton B. Randolph","Jessie R. Davis","Alexander A. Sousa","et al."],"boundary":"The study does not establish general delivery, organism-level safety, clinical benefit, or universal editing efficiency.","publisher":"Nature","establishes":"The study introduces a Cas9 nickase–reverse-transcriptase editor and prime-editing guide RNA architecture and reports specified edit classes in named cell systems.","identifiers":[{"value":"10.1038/s41586-019-1711-4","scheme":"doi"}],"publishedAt":"2019-10-21","exactLocator":"Abstract; Figures 1–5; Methods; Extended Data; Supplementary Tables 1–5.","conflictsOfInterest":"The article declares patent applications and company relationships involving genome editing."}],"reviewEvents":[{"scope":"source-fidelity","verdict":"approve","reviewId":"epireview_1f633e94b0a14594bb2c7789da3ff347","rationale":"Editing efficiency and byproduct measurement binds claim urn:maha:claim:editing-efficiency-and-byproduct-measurement only to Search-and-replace genome editing without double-strand breaks or donor DNA at PMC6907074 author manuscript, Summary; Figure 2; “Prime editing compared with base editing”. The audit inspected repository-copy at bounded inspected artifact depth and recorded subject and claim support; the claim remains limited to “The constructs, biological systems, protocols, assays, datasets, and comparisons reported in Search-and-replace genome editing without double-strand breaks or donor DNA.”. This decision applies only to record urn:maha:record:editing-efficiency-and-byproduct-measurement at sha256:016c844e61ea2cf840113ac1d34227c4733f14ebf40f922fcf31f98bdcf2b0fe and does not certify truth, external endorsement, independent reproduction, or fitness for use.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-30T16:02:02.613Z","reviewerId":"expert_maha-internal-editorial-scale-v1","reviewMethod":"Each criterion is recomputed from the exact record, its inspected alignment audit, source identity, exact locator, rights basis, claim scope, boundary, uncertainty, replication status, prohibited inferences, and revision digest.","reviewerKind":"internal-editorial","reviewerRole":"AI-assisted record-specific review of inspected source identity, exact locator, bounded claim, uncertainty, non-claims, rights basis, and exact revision. This is not an external subject-matter credential.","targetSha256":"sha256:016c844e61ea2cf840113ac1d34227c4733f14ebf40f922fcf31f98bdcf2b0fe","supersedesReviewId":null,"reviewerProfileVersion":1},{"scope":"domain-fidelity","verdict":"approve","reviewId":"epireview_a5423c4ee02c4f3c97efb73ec2f5468d","rationale":"Editing efficiency and byproduct measurement remains within domain synthetic-biology. Its mechanism or method is the bounded proposition “The cited prime-editing study reports target- and condition-specific intended edits and byproducts using specified sequencing assays.”; the record does not transfer that proposition beyond A headline efficiency without denominator, assay, detection threshold, byproduct taxonomy, biological replicate, and cell context is not portable. This decision applies only to record urn:maha:record:editing-efficiency-and-byproduct-measurement at sha256:016c844e61ea2cf840113ac1d34227c4733f14ebf40f922fcf31f98bdcf2b0fe and does not certify truth, external endorsement, independent reproduction, or fitness for use.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-30T16:02:02.681Z","reviewerId":"expert_maha-internal-editorial-scale-v1","reviewMethod":"Each criterion is recomputed from the exact record, its inspected alignment audit, source identity, exact locator, rights basis, claim scope, boundary, uncertainty, replication status, prohibited inferences, and revision digest.","reviewerKind":"internal-editorial","reviewerRole":"AI-assisted record-specific review of inspected source identity, exact locator, bounded claim, uncertainty, non-claims, rights basis, and exact revision. This is not an external subject-matter credential.","targetSha256":"sha256:016c844e61ea2cf840113ac1d34227c4733f14ebf40f922fcf31f98bdcf2b0fe","supersedesReviewId":null,"reviewerProfileVersion":1},{"scope":"boundary-adequacy","verdict":"approve","reviewId":"epireview_d4fe62cd80c84e229a0185aea36324a2","rationale":"Editing efficiency and byproduct measurement retains uncertainty “There is no universal effect estimate for this method; numerical results remain attached to the source experiment, biological system, assay, and analysis choices.” and replication assessment “This candidate records one bounded source package. Independent replications and contradictory results must be compiled separately before evidence maturity is upgraded.”. Its non-claims and 2 prohibited inference(s) remain attached to every reuse. This decision applies only to record urn:maha:record:editing-efficiency-and-byproduct-measurement at sha256:016c844e61ea2cf840113ac1d34227c4733f14ebf40f922fcf31f98bdcf2b0fe and does not certify truth, external endorsement, independent reproduction, or fitness for use.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-30T16:02:02.772Z","reviewerId":"expert_maha-internal-editorial-scale-v1","reviewMethod":"Each criterion is recomputed from the exact record, its inspected alignment audit, source identity, exact locator, rights basis, claim scope, boundary, uncertainty, replication status, prohibited inferences, and revision digest.","reviewerKind":"internal-editorial","reviewerRole":"AI-assisted record-specific review of inspected source identity, exact locator, bounded claim, uncertainty, non-claims, rights basis, and exact revision. This is not an external subject-matter credential.","targetSha256":"sha256:016c844e61ea2cf840113ac1d34227c4733f14ebf40f922fcf31f98bdcf2b0fe","supersedesReviewId":null,"reviewerProfileVersion":1},{"scope":"rights-and-locator","verdict":"approve","reviewId":"epireview_e4e6df8508b54ea991cc0cfff54f486c","rationale":"Search-and-replace genome editing without double-strand breaks or donor DNA is identified by doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1711-4, inspected at Abstract; Figures 1–5; Methods; Extended Data; Supplementary Tables 1–5., and retained under citation-with-paraphrase. This approval binds only exact revision sha256:016c844e61ea2cf840113ac1d34227c4733f14ebf40f922fcf31f98bdcf2b0fe. This decision applies only to record urn:maha:record:editing-efficiency-and-byproduct-measurement at sha256:016c844e61ea2cf840113ac1d34227c4733f14ebf40f922fcf31f98bdcf2b0fe and does not certify truth, external endorsement, independent reproduction, or fitness for use.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-30T16:02:02.849Z","reviewerId":"expert_maha-internal-editorial-scale-v1","reviewMethod":"Each criterion is recomputed from the exact record, its inspected alignment audit, source identity, exact locator, rights basis, claim scope, boundary, uncertainty, replication status, prohibited inferences, and revision digest.","reviewerKind":"internal-editorial","reviewerRole":"AI-assisted record-specific review of inspected source identity, exact locator, bounded claim, uncertainty, non-claims, rights basis, and exact revision. 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