Ascendant calculation
The eastern ecliptic–horizon intersection, its dependence on place and Earth rotation, and Maha’s polar branch correction.
Calculation contract · released 2026-08-18
Definition
The ascendant is the ecliptic longitude at the eastern intersection of the local astronomical horizon and ecliptic at a specified instant and observer.
Calculation procedure
Compute local sidereal time from the instant and longitude, combine it with latitude and obliquity, solve the two ecliptic–horizon intersections, and select the eastern branch.
Required inputs
- UTC instant with Earth-rotation model
- Observer latitude and longitude
- Obliquity and ecliptic-of-date convention
Maha convention
Maha computes tropical longitude first, resolves the eastern branch by projection onto local east, then subtracts Lahiri for the sidereal ascendant.
Uncertainty and edge cases
Minutes of time uncertainty can move the ascendant materially; polar geometry can expose branch errors close to 180° if east/west selection is naive.
What this does not establish
An exact ascendant does not establish personality or destiny.
Authoritative references
These sources establish the calculation vocabulary, data product, or transformation convention. They do not establish astrological interpretation.
- Standards of Fundamental Astronomy
International Astronomical Union SOFA Board · 2023-10-11
IAU-approved algorithms for astrometry, time scales, Earth rotation, precession, nutation, coordinate transformations, and related fundamental astronomy.
Boundary: SOFA supplies standard algorithms and validation programs; an implementation must still record its exact release and input data products.
- Astronomy Engine
Don Cross (cosinekitty) · 2.1.19
Locally computed Sun and Moon positions derived from the VSOP87 and JPL-derived lunar theories, together with rise and set times, at the accuracy stated in the library documentation.
Boundary: Positions are computed in process rather than fetched from an authority, so a fact citing this source carries a digest over the computed values and not over a provider response body. Its accuracy is adequate for calendrical work and is not a substitute for a Horizons query where sub-arcsecond agreement matters.
- Swiss Ephemeris general documentation
Astrodienst AG · 2.10 documentation, checked 2026-08-18
An independent ephemeris implementation, supported reference choices, house calculations, and its dual-license boundary.
Boundary: Maha does not bundle or call Swiss Ephemeris in production. Frozen conformance results are validation evidence, not permission to redistribute its software or data.