Direct answer
Which worldly conditions does the speaker want to leave?
Hart’s translation surveys suffering, death, unstable wealth, violence, bodily vulnerability, and sensory attraction, then appeals to leave that condition and reach the divine feet. The catalogue is moral and theological rather than statistical: it orders the world as the poetic speaker experiences and evaluates it. The unit does not establish population-level facts about suffering, verify an afterlife, or recommend withdrawal from necessary medical or social care.
Passage map
What the translated unit contains
The unit accumulates distinct forms of worldly danger rather than one isolated complaint.
Wealth and sensory pleasure are evaluated through their impermanence.
The response proposed by the speaker is devotional release, not a social programme or clinical intervention.
Place and poetic voice
No single terrestrial place controls this unit; any cosmic, domestic, or natural setting remains part of the translated poetic scene.
An admonishing and petitioning voice describes worldly danger, critiques attachment, and asks for release at the divine feet.
Divine names and identity relationships
- Kaṇṇan
- Māyan
- Nārāyaṇa
Kaṇṇan, Māyan, Nārāyaṇa are indexed as names or related figures occurring in this unit. Co-occurrence does not make them context-free synonyms; identity is asserted only where the translated passage itself relates them.
Devotional context
The unit develops suffering, death, and bodily vulnerability; wealth and sensory pleasure as unstable; release imagined as reaching the divine feet within a translated devotional-poetic frame.
Poetic and theological diagnosis of the world
Population-level social or medical evidence
The source establishes its own evaluation and supplies no dataset, sampling method, or clinical guidance.
Does not establish
The unit does not quantify suffering, verify heaven or release, diagnose a reader, authorize self-harm, or replace medical, financial, legal, and social support.
Evidence layers
Five kinds of authority remain separate
- Primary text
- Pāsurams 3211–3221 identify the printed unit. This guide does not reproduce or claim to establish the critical Tamil wording.
- Named translation
- Every passage observation is bounded to Kausalya Hart’s English rendering and retains the exact numbered locator.
- Scholarship
- Attributed scholarship supplies literary and reception context; it does not silently rewrite or certify the passage.
- Historical inference
- Dating, institutional continuity, social practice, and material history require independent evidence and are not inferred from this unit alone.
- Theology
- Divine identities, promises, polemics, and supernatural acts are reported as claims made within the poem, not as externally certified facts.
Questions this passage guide answers
Which worldly conditions does the speaker want to leave?
Hart’s translation surveys suffering, death, unstable wealth, violence, bodily vulnerability, and sensory attraction, then appeals to leave that condition and reach the divine feet. The catalogue is moral and theological rather than statistical: it orders the world as the poetic speaker experiences and evaluates it. The unit does not establish population-level facts about suffering, verify an afterlife, or recommend withdrawal from necessary medical or social care.
tiruvaymoli-q191 · pāsurams 3211–3221
Which divine names occur in Tiruvāymoḻi 3211–3221?
The named translation uses Kaṇṇan, Māyan, Nārāyaṇa in this unit. These are occurrence-level forms; the list is not a claim that every name is interchangeable in every text.
tiruvaymoli-q192 · pāsurams 3211–3221
What poetic voice is used in Tiruvāymoḻi 3211–3221?
An admonishing and petitioning voice describes worldly danger, critiques attachment, and asks for release at the divine feet.
tiruvaymoli-q193 · pāsurams 3211–3221
What themes organize Tiruvāymoḻi 3211–3221?
suffering, death, and bodily vulnerability; wealth and sensory pleasure as unstable; release imagined as reaching the divine feet. Each description is bounded to this translated unit.
tiruvaymoli-q194 · pāsurams 3211–3221
What does Tiruvāymoḻi 3211–3221 not establish?
The unit does not quantify suffering, verify heaven or release, diagnose a reader, authorize self-harm, or replace medical, financial, legal, and social support.
tiruvaymoli-q195 · pāsurams 3211–3221
Limits
- The page describes a named English translation; it does not claim that its wording is identical to the Tamil source text or every other translation.
- A theological claim made by a poetic speaker is evidence about the poem’s discourse, not independent empirical or historical verification.
- One numbered unit cannot establish the whole theology, chronology, performance history, or reception of the Tiruvāymoḻi.
Still unresolved
- How do the Tamil wording and other translations handle the key terms in pāsurams 3211–3221?
- Which commentaries and performance traditions give this unit a different emphasis?